TC - recent papers
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/
Combined list of the recent articles of the journal The Cryosphere and the recent discussion forum The Cryosphere DiscussionsRetrieval of sea ice drift in the Fram Strait based on data from Chinese satellite HaiYang (HY-1D)
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1419-2024
<b>Retrieval of sea ice drift in the Fram Strait based on data from Chinese satellite HaiYang (HY-1D)</b><br>
Dunwang Lu, Jianqiang Liu, Lijian Shi, Tao Zeng, Bin Cheng, Suhui Wu, and Manman Wang<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1419–1441, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1419-2024, 2024<br>
We retrieved sea ice drift in Fram Strait using the Chinese HaiYang 1D Coastal Zone Imager. The dataset is has hourly and daily intervals for analysis, and validation is performed using a synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-based product and International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) buoys. The differences between them are explained by investigating the spatiotemporal variability in sea ice motion. The accuracy of flow direction retrieval for sea ice drift is also related to sea ice displacement.
2024-03-28T18:44:49+01:00Review article: Terrestrial dissolved organic carbon in northern permafrost
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1443-2024
<b>Review article: Terrestrial dissolved organic carbon in northern permafrost</b><br>
Liam Heffernan, Dolly N. Kothawala, and Lars J. Tranvik<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1443–1465, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1443-2024, 2024<br>
The northern permafrost region stores half the world's soil carbon. As the region warms, permafrost thaws and releases dissolved organic carbon, which leads to decomposition of this carbon pool or export into aquatic ecosystems. In this study we developed a new database of 2276 dissolved organic carbon concentrations in eight different ecosystems from 111 studies published over 22 years. This study highlights that coastal areas may play an important role in future high-latitude carbon cycling.
2024-03-28T18:44:49+01:00Subglacial valleys preserved in the highlands of south and east Greenland record restricted ice extent during past warmer climates
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1467-2024
<b>Subglacial valleys preserved in the highlands of south and east Greenland record restricted ice extent during past warmer climates</b><br>
Guy J. G. Paxman, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Aisling M. Dolan, and Michael J. Bentley<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1467–1493, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1467-2024, 2024<br>
This study uses airborne radar data and satellite imagery to map mountainous topography hidden beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet. We find that the landscape records the former extent and configuration of ice masses that were restricted to areas of high topography. Computer models of ice flow indicate that valley glaciers eroded this landscape millions of years ago when local air temperatures were at least 4 °C higher than today and Greenland’s ice volume was < 10 % of that of the modern ice sheet.
2024-03-28T18:44:49+01:00Sea-ice variations and trends during the Common Era in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1399-2024
<b>Sea-ice variations and trends during the Common Era in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean</b><br>
Ana Lúcia Lindroth Dauner, Frederik Schenk, Katherine Elizabeth Power, and Maija Heikkilä<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1399–1418, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1399-2024, 2024<br>
In this study, we analysed 14 sea-ice proxy records and compared them with the results from two different climate simulations from the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean over the Common Era (last 2000 years). Both proxy and model approaches demonstrated a long-term sea-ice increase. The good correspondence suggests that the state-of-the-art sea-ice proxies are able to capture large-scale climate drivers. Short-term variability, however, was less coherent due to local-to-regional scale forcings.
2024-03-27T18:44:49+01:00Modeling the timing of Patagonian Ice Sheet retreat in the Chilean Lake District from 22–10 ka
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1381-2024
<b>Modeling the timing of Patagonian Ice Sheet retreat in the Chilean Lake District from 22–10 ka</b><br>
Joshua Cuzzone, Matias Romero, and Shaun A. Marcott<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1381–1398, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1381-2024, 2024<br>
We simulate the retreat history of the Patagonian Ice Sheet (PIS) across the Chilean Lake District from 22–10 ka. These results improve our understanding of the response of the PIS to deglacial warming and the patterns of deglacial ice margin retreat where gaps in the geologic record still exist, and they indicate that changes in large-scale precipitation during the last deglaciation played an important role in modulating the response of ice margin change across the PIS to deglacial warming.
2024-03-26T18:44:49+01:00Snow mechanical property variability at the slope scale – implication for snow mechanical modelling
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1359-2024
<b>Snow mechanical property variability at the slope scale – implication for snow mechanical modelling</b><br>
Francis Meloche, Francis Gauthier, and Alexandre Langlois<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1359–1380, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1359-2024, 2024<br>
Snow avalanches are a dangerous natural hazard. Backcountry recreationists and avalanche practitioners try to predict avalanche hazard based on the stability of snow cover. However, snow cover is variable in space, and snow stability observations can vary within several meters. We measure the snow stability several times on a small slope to create high-resolution maps of snow cover stability. These results help us to understand the snow variation for scientists and practitioners.
2024-03-26T18:44:49+01:00Extreme melting at Greenland's largest floating ice tongue
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1333-2024
<b>Extreme melting at Greenland's largest floating ice tongue</b><br>
Ole Zeising, Niklas Neckel, Nils Dörr, Veit Helm, Daniel Steinhage, Ralph Timmermann, and Angelika Humbert<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1333–1357, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1333-2024, 2024<br>
The 79° North Glacier in Greenland has experienced significant changes over the last decades. Due to extreme melt rates, the ice has thinned significantly in the vicinity of the grounding line, where a large subglacial channel has formed since 2010. We attribute these changes to warm ocean currents and increased subglacial discharge from surface melt. However, basal melting has decreased since 2018, indicating colder water inflow into the cavity below the glacier.
2024-03-22T18:44:49+01:00Fjord circulation induced by melting icebergs
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1315-2024
<b>Fjord circulation induced by melting icebergs</b><br>
Kenneth G. Hughes<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1315–1332, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1315-2024, 2024<br>
A mathematical and conceptual model of how the melting of hundreds of icebergs generates currents within a fjord.
2024-03-21T18:44:49+01:00Understanding snow saltation parameterizations: lessons from theory, experiments and numerical simulations
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1287-2024
<b>Understanding snow saltation parameterizations: lessons from theory, experiments and numerical simulations</b><br>
Daniela Brito Melo, Armin Sigmund, and Michael Lehning<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1287–1313, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1287-2024, 2024<br>
Snow saltation – the transport of snow close to the surface – occurs when the wind blows over a snow-covered surface with sufficient strength. This phenomenon is represented in some climate models; however, with limited accuracy. By performing numerical simulations and a detailed analysis of previous works, we show that snow saltation is characterized by two regimes. This is not represented in climate models in a consistent way, which hinders the quantification of snow transport and sublimation.
2024-03-20T18:44:49+01:00Deep clustering in subglacial radar reflectance reveals subglacial lakes
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1241-2024
<b>Deep clustering in subglacial radar reflectance reveals subglacial lakes</b><br>
Sheng Dong, Lei Fu, Xueyuan Tang, Zefeng Li, and Xiaofei Chen<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1241–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1241-2024, 2024<br>
Subglacial lakes are a unique environment at the bottom of ice sheets, and they have distinct features in radar echo images that allow for visual detection. In this study, we use machine learning to analyze radar reflection waveforms and identify candidate subglacial lakes. Our approach detects more lakes than known inventories and can be used to expand the subglacial lake inventory. Additionally, this analysis may also provide insights into interpreting other subglacial conditions.
2024-03-19T18:44:49+01:00Lead fractions from SAR-derived sea ice divergence during MOSAiC
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1259-2024
<b>Lead fractions from SAR-derived sea ice divergence during MOSAiC</b><br>
Luisa von Albedyll, Stefan Hendricks, Nils Hutter, Dmitrii Murashkin, Lars Kaleschke, Sascha Willmes, Linda Thielke, Xiangshan Tian-Kunze, Gunnar Spreen, and Christian Haas<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1259–1285, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1259-2024, 2024<br>
Leads (openings in sea ice cover) are created by sea ice dynamics. Because they are important for many processes in the Arctic winter climate, we aim to detect them with satellites. We present two new techniques to detect lead widths of a few hundred meters at high spatial resolution (700 m) and independent of clouds or sun illumination. We use the MOSAiC drift 2019–2020 in the Arctic for our case study and compare our new products to other existing lead products.
2024-03-19T18:44:49+01:00Brief communication: Significant biases in ERA5 output for the McMurdo Dry Valleys region, Antarctica
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1207-2024
<b>Brief communication: Significant biases in ERA5 output for the McMurdo Dry Valleys region, Antarctica</b><br>
Ricardo Garza-Girón and Slawek M. Tulaczyk<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1207–1213, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1207-2024, 2024<br>
By analyzing temperature time series over more than 20 years, we have found a discrepancy between the 2 m temperature values reported by the ERA5 reanalysis and the automatic weather stations in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica.
2024-03-12T18:44:49+01:00Understanding the influence of ocean waves on Arctic sea ice simulation: a modeling study with an atmosphere–ocean–wave–sea ice coupled model
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1215-2024
<b>Understanding the influence of ocean waves on Arctic sea ice simulation: a modeling study with an atmosphere–ocean–wave–sea ice coupled model</b><br>
Chao-Yuan Yang, Jiping Liu, and Dake Chen<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1215–1239, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1215-2024, 2024<br>
We present a new atmosphere–ocean–wave–sea ice coupled model to study the influences of ocean waves on Arctic sea ice simulation. Our results show (1) smaller ice-floe size with wave breaking increases ice melt, (2) the responses in the atmosphere and ocean to smaller floe size partially reduce the effect of the enhanced ice melt, (3) the limited oceanic energy is a strong constraint for ice melt enhancement, and (4) ocean waves can indirectly affect sea ice through the atmosphere and the ocean.
2024-03-12T18:44:49+01:00Sea ice cover in the Copernicus Arctic Regional Reanalysis
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1157-2024
<b>Sea ice cover in the Copernicus Arctic Regional Reanalysis</b><br>
Yurii Batrak, Bin Cheng, and Viivi Kallio-Myers<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1157–1183, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1157-2024, 2024<br>
Atmospheric reanalyses provide consistent series of atmospheric and surface parameters in a convenient gridded form. In this paper, we study the quality of sea ice in a recently released regional reanalysis and assess its added value compared to a global reanalysis. We show that the regional reanalysis, having a more complex sea ice model, gives an improved representation of sea ice, although there are limitations indicating potential benefits in using more advanced approaches in the future.
2024-03-12T18:44:49+01:00Observations and modeling of areal surface albedo and surface types in the Arctic
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1185-2024
<b>Observations and modeling of areal surface albedo and surface types in the Arctic</b><br>
Evelyn Jäkel, Sebastian Becker, Tim R. Sperzel, Hannah Niehaus, Gunnar Spreen, Ran Tao, Marcel Nicolaus, Wolfgang Dorn, Annette Rinke, Jörg Brauchle, and Manfred Wendisch<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1185–1205, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1185-2024, 2024<br>
The results of the surface albedo scheme of a coupled regional climate model were evaluated against airborne and ground-based measurements conducted in the European Arctic in different seasons between 2017 and 2022. We found a seasonally dependent bias between measured and modeled surface albedo for cloudless and cloudy situations. The strongest effects of the albedo model bias on the net irradiance were most apparent in the presence of optically thin clouds.
2024-03-12T18:44:49+01:00Impact of boundary conditions on the modeled thermal regime of the Antarctic ice sheet
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1139-2024
<b>Impact of boundary conditions on the modeled thermal regime of the Antarctic ice sheet</b><br>
In-Woo Park, Emilia Kyung Jin, Mathieu Morlighem, and Kang-Kun Lee<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1139–1155, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1139-2024, 2024<br>
This study conducted 3D thermodynamic ice sheet model experiments, and modeled temperatures were compared with 15 observed borehole temperature profiles. We found that using incompressibility of ice without sliding agrees well with observed temperature profiles in slow-flow regions, while incorporating sliding in fast-flow regions captures observed temperature profiles. Also, the choice of vertical velocity scheme has a greater impact on the shape of the modeled temperature profile.
2024-03-11T18:44:49+01:00The staggered retreat of grounded ice in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1125-2024
<b>The staggered retreat of grounded ice in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)</b><br>
Matthew A. Danielson and Philip J. Bart<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1125–1138, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1125-2024, 2024<br>
The post-Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet in the Ross Sea was more significant than for any other Antarctic sector. Here we combined the available dates of retreat with new mapping of sediment deposited by the ice sheet during overall retreat. Our work shows that the post-LGM retreat through the Ross Sea was not uniform. This uneven retreat can cause instability in the present-day Antarctic ice sheet configuration and lead to future runaway retreat.
2024-03-08T18:44:49+01:00The complex basal morphology and ice dynamics of the Nansen Ice Shelf, East Antarctica
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1105-2024
<b>The complex basal morphology and ice dynamics of the Nansen Ice Shelf, East Antarctica</b><br>
Christine F. Dow, Derek Mueller, Peter Wray, Drew Friedrichs, Alexander L. Forrest, Jasmin B. McInerney, Jamin Greenbaum, Donald D. Blankenship, Choon Ki Lee, and Won Sang Lee<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1105–1123, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1105-2024, 2024<br>
Ice shelves are a key control on Antarctic contribution to sea level rise. We examine the Nansen Ice Shelf in East Antarctica using a combination of field-based and satellite data. We find the basal topography of the ice shelf is highly variable, only partially visible in satellite datasets. We also find that the thinnest region of the ice shelf is altered over time by ice flow rates and ocean melting. These processes can cause fractures to form that eventually result in large calving events.
2024-03-05T18:44:49+01:00Regime shifts in Arctic terrestrial hydrology manifested from impacts of climate warming
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1033-2024
<b>Regime shifts in Arctic terrestrial hydrology manifested from impacts of climate warming</b><br>
Michael A. Rawlins and Ambarish V. Karmalkar<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 1033–1052, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1033-2024, 2024<br>
Flows of water, carbon, and materials by Arctic rivers are being altered by climate warming. We used simulations from a permafrost hydrology model to investigate future changes in quantities influencing river exports. By 2100 Arctic rivers will receive more runoff from the far north where abundant soil carbon can leach in. More water will enter them via subsurface pathways particularly in summer and autumn. An enhanced water cycle and permafrost thaw are changing river flows to coastal areas.
2024-03-05T18:44:49+01:00Why is summertime Arctic sea ice drift speed projected to decrease?
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-995-2024
<b>Why is summertime Arctic sea ice drift speed projected to decrease?</b><br>
Jamie L. Ward and Neil F. Tandon<br>
The Cryosphere, 18, 995–1012, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-995-2024, 2024<br>
Over the long term, the speed at which sea ice in the Arctic moves has been increasing during all seasons. However, nearly all climate models project that sea ice motion will decrease during summer. This study aims to understand the mechanisms responsible for these projected decreases in summertime sea ice motion. We find that models produce changes in winds and ocean surface tilt which cause the sea ice to slow down, and it is realistic to expect such changes to also occur in the real world.
2024-03-05T18:44:49+01:00